From the perspective of your own discipline, critically assess the Essay - 3

From the viewpoint of your own control, basically survey the qualities and shortcomings of any TWO exploration techniques talked about on this module - Essay Example Ethnography alludes to an exploration strategy that includes the investigation of people groups and their social practices when gathering data. Ethnography requires a specialist to be effectively associated with the field where the analysts include in participants’ exercises legitimately (Hammersley and Atikson 2007, p.14). For instance, a columnist doing explore on the sort of dinner devoured by a specific network should go along with them while getting ready food so as to gather inflexible data. This is a viable strategy for acquiring essential data as columnist gets information without misrepresentation. Moreover, it empowers represent the multifaceted nature of the gathering their relationship and giving setting to their conduct (OReilly 2009, p.102). Be that as it may, it experiences a few difficulties; right off the bat, respondents may carry on contrastingly during research period consequently concealing dependable data. Moreover, the writer is submitted such a great am ount since they must be effectively associated with the field. At long last, it is a monotonous strategy considering time taken to finish research. Ethnography is regularly alluded to as â€Å"Think Descriptive† where assembled information is finished, and afterward journalists’ consider it to achieve social significance from the data acquired. It could likewise be favorable for a writer who is learned on ethnography since they can acquire data from nonverbal qualities through non-verbal communication in this manner guaranteeing no data is left covered up (Hansen 2010, p.215). Moreover, one of a kind words are noted and their implications are contrasted across societies with note closeness and contrasts on the equivalent. Ethnography empowers columnists to think about their discoveries; therefore, increasing more understanding on the issue thinking about their own perception on the field of study (Peterson and Domingo 2009, p.29). Likewise, this technique is helpful to columnists in their revealing as it

Service Facility and Process Flow Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Administration Facility and Process Flow - Essay Example Print). The multi-stage process is portrayed as followed: The procedure stream shows the example done at The Body Shop stores to accomplish most extreme help for their clients. Based from the phases above, it tends to be examined that the individual consideration approach is applied (McGraw-Hill 7-18. Print). As the eyewitness who has visited The Body Shop stores, it tends to be reasoned that they have fundamental assistance principles. I have watched more than five of The Body Shop stores, and I got astonished that the administration they give has been significant and extraordinary. In peaceful and swarmed circumstances, The Body Shop staffs consistently play out their best. Absolutely dependent on my perceptions, I made a few core values; they are: Once, I went to one of The Body Shop stores on end of the week and there were numerous clients inside. Despite the fact that the staffs appeared to be going to help me not long after offering administration to clients who had done shopping, I didn't really mean to have individual consideration from them. Then again, The Body Shop visual marketing idea helped me to locate the specific area of the item that I was searching for. In this way, I think their visual marketing is one of the core values that absolutely works for clients. As a client, what makes me intrigued to invest even a little energy to visit The Body Shop is a direct result of the fascination. When at regular intervals, I generally find that they change their window banner. The window banner can really be the client's direction to comprehend what's going on. The window banner is likewise worked as appreciation for make clients to head inside and they will be invited by the special offers precisely at the main table close to the passageway. Their property bolsters the administration office reason to apply great core value. On the off chance that I visit basic stores, there is an inclination to discover simply common deals collaborator who causes us to make reference to the sticker price; while The Body Shop Staffs are very surprising.

Jonathan Edwards Essay

1. Clarify the disposition of this entry. The state of mind of this section is solemn and genuine. During the entry Jonathan is in an intense tone. 2. Utilizing explicit models, give one case of a similitude, one case of an analogy, and one case of a mention that Edwards utilizes in this section from the lesson to inspire this specific state of mind. Jonathan Edwards is a minister attempting to unnerve his gathering into salvation he thinks about them to bugs dangling over the flames of damnation and just god’s leniency shields them from consuming. The state of mind is furious and pressing. An allegory would be the fire of fury. A likeness would look at individuals on the late spring sifting floor. A mention would be damnation. A word that makes the tone understood would be â€Å"consider the dreadful peril you are in. Ultimately a picture would be a bug hanging over heater by a string held by a major hand that could drop it whenever. 3. What explicit words (least of three) does he decide to make his tone understood? He utilizes bunches of words to make his tone understood. He utilizes an exceptionally incredible manner of speaking. He utilizes words like risk, rage, cursed in heck, and so on. These words make the entry much more attractive as I would see it. 4. What (pictures in the listeners’ mind) does Edwards use in the section to make his tone understood? What impact do those pictures have on building up the tone of the piece? He utilizes godâ's â€Å"rough wind’ to make his tone understood. His tone is likewise intense while he’s discussing this. 5. In the last two passages of the message (allude to the Investigate page of this exercise) Edwards’s discusses a â€Å"extraordinary opportunity† his assembly has. What is this chance? How does his lesson convince the assemblage to make the most of this chance? The open door that Edward is discussing in the last two sections is ‘’Salvation.’’ He’s telling the individuals that solitary route not to get to hellfire is through salvation or, in all likelihood they’ll end up in damnation and that’s not a spot they would need to be.

History of Coca Cola Essay

About the Company: The primary indications of the Coca-Cola Company began in Atlanta in 1886 when a drug specialist named John Pemberton built up a caramel shaded carbonated beverage and tested it to clients. Before long, the beverage was available to be purchased at five pennies a glass, selling around nine glasses per day in the neighborhood drug store. After Pemberton’s demise in 1888, an Atlanta representative named Asa Griggs Candler, tied down the rights to Coca-Cola for an aggregate of $2300 and it was as of now that Coca-Cola changed from a development into a business. Throughout the following quite a while, through coupons, commercial, and testing, the interest for Coca-Cola kept on developing creation it important to open syrup plants in Chicago, Dallas, and Los Angeles. In 1899, two legal counselors made sure about the rights from Candler to sell Coca-Cola in convenient container estimated serving, instead of just being offered in the soft drink wellsprings. Not understanding the fame containers would have, Candler sold the rights for only one dollar. Going into the new century, Coca-Cola kept on observing fast development moving into different nations including Canada, Panama, Puerto Rico, France, and Cuba to give some examples. From having only two bottlers in 1990, Coca-Cola had very nearly 1000 bottlers in 1920. Throughout the following multi year, center was around presenting the refreshment around the globe with much achievement. Following 70 years of progress with Coca-Cola, the organization started presenting other enhanced refreshments including Fantaâ ®, Tabâ ®, Frescaâ ®, and Spriteâ ®. The company’s nearness was developing increasingly more globally in nations, for example, Cambodia, Turkey, and Paraguay. In1971, the organization was chosen to be the main organization permitted to sell bundled cold beverages in The Peoples Republic of China. During the 1980’s, Diet Coke was presented and the organization tried to build up another improved equation for Coca-Cola. While this had great test board results, when the new equation was presented available, general society asked for the old recipe to be reestablished. The popular feeling in the long run won and Coca-Cola Classic was back on the racks. The 1990’sâ brought other new refreshments to the line up including Dasaniâ ® filtered water, Poweradeâ ® sports drink, and Barq’sâ ® root brew. The organization kept on moving into different nations including East Germany and India. By 1997, the organization was up to more than 1 billion servings of their item daily and constantly developing. Coca-Cola began as an investigation in a drug store selling only nine glasses every day and now has more than 500 brands overall selling over 1.7 billion servings for each day. Indeed, even with the intense economy, Coca-Cola has proceeded with its development and stay s to be a refreshment that purchasers go after day by day, in the United States, yet everywhere throughout the world.

Boston Tea Party

December third, 2011 The Boston Tea Party The Boston Tea Party rolled out an improvement ever, a defiance that has a circumstances and logical results. It was a chilly December night in Boston. There were three acclaimed ships, the Dartmouth, the Eleanor, and the Beaver were sitting in Boston harbor, their holds loaded with tea that wasn’t being emptied in view of the irate inhabitants of Boston were compromised not to purchase or utilize the tea. The legislature of Great Britain had passes the Tea Act, a law that nearly ensured that the American homesteaders would purchase tea from the East India Company.The law brought down the cost on tea, coming about the East India Companies so much that it was the least expensive tea around. The cost was low to the point that significantly other tea organizations were stunned. This was gainful to them provided that American homesteaders were searching for approach to reduce down expenses and set aside cash, they would much rather pick a less expensive tea over the costly one, for this situation were the traders. The law came out on the grounds that the East India Company weren’t progressing nicely and the British government needed to enable the organization to get back on its feet.Other tea organizations were disturbed about the Tea Act, however the American pilgrims saw it as another case of â€Å"taxation without representation†: as a result, the Tea Act was putting an assessment on tea sold by organizations other than the East India Company. Likewise with the Stamp Act and other disagreeable expenses, they were completely casted a ballot in by Parliament, which was a large number of miles away, and the American pioneers had no real way to impact the law or revolt against it while it was being bantered in government. So the homesteaders were angry.They needed to accomplish another thing to tell the British about the misery that the Tea Act was causing. A few people needed to keep things peaceful; ot hers needed carnage. The outcome was some place in the center. A gathering of pilgrims resolved to make things change was the Sons of Liberty. Driven by nationalists as Samuel Adams and John Hancock, the Sons of Liberty had mystery gatherings at which they talked about how best to convey the desired information to Great Britain, that the American individuals needed all the more a job in administering themselves.In the year 1773, and the pilgrims confronted one more year of unopposed and unrepresentative duties. The Sons of Liberty chose to make a move. Wearing masks that made them seem as though they were Native Americans, an enormous gathering of the Sons of Liberty on December 16 raged on board those three clueless British ships and dumped 342 boxes loaded with tea over the edge. By any principles, that is a great deal of tea. These boxes happened to be stuck loaded with tea, thus the organizations that made that tea lost a ton of cash that night.Because the Sons of Liberty were v eiled as Native Americans, they could guarantee that they were not liable of dumping the tea. The British government knew better, obviously, and became angrier than at any other time at what it saw as Americans' selfishness. The following year saw the section of what came to be known as the Intolerable Acts. The Intolerable Acts were arrangement of laws by the British Prime Minister because of the Boston Tea Party.The laws were these: * Impartial Administration of Justice Act, which permitted the illustrious legislative head of a province to move preliminaries to different settlements or even to England in the event that he expected that juries in those states wouldn't pass judgment on a case decently * Massachusetts Bay Regulating Act made all law officials subject to arrangement by the imperial senator and prohibited all town gatherings that didn't have endorsement of the regal representative * Boston Port Act, which shut the port of Boston until the cost of the dumped tea was rec ouped, moved the capital of Massachusetts to Salem, and made Marblehead the official port of section for the Massachusetts settlement. Quartering Act, which permitted imperial soldiers to remain in houses or void structures if sleeping quarters were not accessible * Quebec Act, which allowed common government and strict opportunity to Catholics living in Quebec. The Boston Tea Party was an emblematic demonstration, a case of how far Americans were eager to stand up for their opportunity. Two brief years after the fact, Americans were happy to give their lives for their opportunity, as shots rang out on Lexington Green.In my sentiment the Sons of Liberty were tired of everything that was going on as a result of the Tea Act. They needed to get the consideration of Parliament and the King, yet with them being so distant; when a letter arrived could be ages. They realized they needed to stand out enough to be noticed some way. The held up a significant stretch of time to check whether t hings would change, yet things just deteriorated. They responded, and the ruler was unsettled, so he responded by passing the Intolerable Acts. This got significant changes Boston.

Appendix Whats a Good Subject Test Score

The Whats a Good Subject Test Score post deals with the relationship between old SAT scores and Subject Test scores. Most students now take the new PSAT, new SAT, or the ACT. In order to work backward to old SAT scores, a concordance table must be used. The concordance table below allows students to take their ACT or new SAT scores (new PSAT and new SAT scores are interchangeable) and find the comparable old SAT score. In most cases, this translation makes only a small difference (1040 points). The principle that the pool of test takers is a good predictor of Subject Test scores still holds true. The ACT concordance table shows that an ACT Composite of 30 is comparable to an average old SAT section score of about 660 (total score of 1990). Based on the relationship observed between Subject Test scores and old SAT scores, we can expect that students scoring an ACT Composite of 30 will have a mean U.S. History score of approximately 650680. This does not predict the score for an individual student, but it does provide a way of comparing Subject Test scores or assessing where a student stands versus comparable ACT scorers. The concordance table shows that a total new SAT score of 1360 is comparable to an average old SAT section score of 640 (total score of 1920). Based on the relationship observed, we can expect that students with a 1360 new SAT score will have a mean U.S. History score of approximately 630650. This does not predict the score for an individual student, but it does provide a way of comparing Subject Test scores or assessing where a student stands versus comparable new SAT scorers. Evidence of the relationship between SAT scores and Subject Test scores The table below shows the mean old SAT scores (the only scores College Board has released to date) earned by the students taking a particular Subject Test. The data shows that there is a roughly linear relationship between average old SAT score and mean Subject Test score. An obvious outlier is World History, where Subject Test results lag SAT scores. Subject Test and SAT Means (2015) Subject TestSubject Test MeanSAT CRSAT MAverage CR and M Literature618639623631 U.S. History645642647645 World History618650655653 Math Level 1619577628603 Math Level 2690629693661 Biology-E625612642627 Biology-M652621661641 Chemistry666630695663 Physics667609701655 In order to show that the linear relationship holds for pools of students with varying scores, the changes in scores between 2010 and 2015 were calculated and plotted. Over that period, the pool of test takers shrank, and the mean SAT scores and mean Subject Test scores increased in an expected pattern. Once more, World History is an outlier. Subject Test and SAT Mean Changes (2010-2015) Subject TestSubject Test Mean ChgSAT CR ChgSAT M ChgAverage CR and M Chg Literature38413639 U.S. History44373838 World History13283230 Math Level 114-51010 Math Level 241293535 Biology-E24142520 Biology-M143128 Chemistry22151917 Physics9-252 Old SAT scoresor new SAT or ACT scores that have been concordedprovide a rule of thumb for estimating  Subject Test scores for a group of students. This comparison  is important because the population of students taking the tests varies widely.

How to Succeed in Academic Writing

How to Succeed in Academic Writing In the olden days when hand-written assignments were the norm, students with good handwriting earned more marks. Back then, instructors made it clear that good handwriting would increase the points you scored on a given paper. Today, hand-written tasks have gradually been replaced by typed assignments. Still, there are specific attributes instructors seek when they are marking academic assignments. Normally, the heads of college departments will dedicate a day or two to orientate new students. In such forums, students will be informed of key points that guarantee success in academic writing. Similarly, a lecturer will attach clear rubrics at the end of each assignment question. In this section, the student will be reminded of the main aspects that the marker will want to see in the final essay. A student is assured of passing an assignment is he/she satisfies the marker in adherence to the stated points. One of the things that help a student to succeed in any academic writing is precision. By this, it is meant that the final paper presented to the marker must fully address the task specified in the assignment. To ensure this, the student must read and comprehend the question before starting to write. Alternatively, he/she could occasionally revisit the question to check for any possible deviation. Secondly, the paper should be broad enough to cover the subject that is provided. This is achieved when the student identifies major keys to the task. Closely related to the element of breadth is depth. Unless there are explicit instructions to â€Å"mention† or â€Å"list†, the student should always provide an in-depth analysis of a given research topic. In academic writing, depth is accomplished through an inclusion of background readings and relevant but recent resources. A mistake commonly made by students when writing an academic paper is to reiterate the thoughts or opinions of other authors. Discussing a concept is different from conducting a literature review. In the former, which is what academic writing is about, it is vital to link the contentions of other authors with your own thoughts. This is where the notion of critical thinking comes in. The student must evaluate whether the background readings offer a logical position concerning the subject. When addressing an academic paper, factors that boost critical thinking are relevance and precision of other people’s ideas. A precise, broad, deep, and critically thought-out paper guarantees high quality content, but this is not enough. The instructor will want to see clarity in the writing. Thus, you must take care to articulate all the concepts properly. Though quotations are helpful, it is detrimental to use too many of them, because this negates the impression of originality and creativity. Again, you have to organize your paper well using headings as appropriate. Avoid using technical words to alleviate ambiguity. Things such as spelling and grammar must also be checked. Last, in-text citations together with a bibliography must be presented in the right format. Our academic writing service can provide you with a superior-quality custom essay, research paper, thesis or dissertation on any topic. All you need is to contact us now!

A Rumor Of War By Philip Caputo And Young - 1849 Words

The Vietnam War was largely considered a failure, a waste of resources, time and precious lives. It was simply a war that did not need to be fought. But in order to combat the ever prevailing communist forces; the capitalists and in particular, America, decided that Vietnam would be the land where these differences would be disputed. Men were sent in to fight in this war and they came back with very different experiences. As seen in both perspectives held in â€Å"A Rumor of War† by Philip Caputo and in â€Å"We were soldiers once... and young† by Hal Moore and Joseph Galloway; they explore the varying perspectives and experienced seen and learnt within war. Whereas in â€Å"A Rumor of War†, it tackles the consequences of being sent into such harsh warfare, only because Philip Caputo saw the harsh reality firsthand as he was a soldier in the war. The former, â€Å"We were soldiers once... and young† tackles the glorification of war because it’s no t solely a soldier’s account. A journalist was in company of these men and as such details get skewed for the public’s perception. Regardless, both these books share a telling tale of the war in Vietnam through their radically different views. Firstly, it is important to establish the historical contexts of these two books. â€Å"A Rumor of War† was published in 1977, two years after the end of the Vietnam War. It was written by a soldier who served in the war. The period this describes is immediately the post war era and the fallout faced by soldiersShow MoreRelatedA Rumor Of War By Philip Caputo1388 Words   |  6 Pagesof going to war excites many young men that have not experienced or have been a part of one. Individuals want to find a way out of the routine, mundane lifestyle that plagues many suburban households. People that just want some excitement enlist in a military branch that will not benefit them or anyone for that matter. In Philip Caputo’s book titled A Rumor of War, the true side of how war demolishes the human spirit is shown. His nonfiction novel captures the nasty side to war. Philip informs usRead MoreA Rumor of War: the Changes of a Solider1669 Words   |  7 PagesA Rumor of War: The Changes of a Solider The Vietnam War was seen by all as horrible and by many, senseless. War has the ability to change people, countries, and even the harmony of the planet. After the Vietnam War’s end, many Americans didn’t want to hear or speak about the war. Many of the citizens in America wanted to forget it ever occurred. The United States had lost their invincibility to their negligence; the nation believed it could do anything. They especially thought they could endRead MoreEssay on Shattered Youth: How the Vietnam War Changed a Generation1591 Words   |  7 PagesThe Vietnam War is a conflict that was extremely polarizing to people in the United States and words such as ‘wasted’ or ‘quagmire’ are negative words associated with the war. In his book A Rumor of War, Philip Caputo provides a personal account of events that he experienced leading up to and during the war as a soldier in the United States Marine Corps. Caputo’s experiences transform his idealistic views of war when he is faced with the realities of combat, and ultimately the events cause him toRead More Analysis of Philip Caputos A Rumor of War Essay1896 Words   |  8 PagesAnalysis of Philip Caputos A Rumor of War A Rumor of War by Philip Caputo, is an exceptional autobiography on a mans first-hand experiences during the Vietnam War. Philip Caputo is a Lieutenant during the Vietnam War and illustrates the harsh reality of what war really is. Caputos in-depth details of his experience during the war are enough to make one cringe, and the eventual mental despair often experienced by soldiers (including Caputo) really makes you feel for participants takingRead MoreThe Vietnam War Was Like No War Before1292 Words   |  6 PagesThe Vietnam War was like no war before. America got involved in Vietnam to preserve a non-communist South Vietnam, but in the end, the government and the country fell to communist North Vietnam. The US had never experienced such a military defeat in its history. The causes of this monumental defeat may not have been clear at first, but through memoirs such as Philip Caputo s Rumor of War and other historical accounts of the war, we now have a better sense of what truly led to America s loss. AsRead MoreIn Hiroshima, John Hersey Focuses On The Survivors Of The2045 Words   |  9 Pageson the survivors of the atomic bomb that is dropped on the city of Hiroshima at the end of World War II. Instead of focusing on one individual, Hersey decides to report on six that survive the blast. The survivors came from many different walks of life and were all affected by the coming of the nuclear age. Mrs. Hatsayo Nakamura was a widow raising three young children. Dr. Terufumi Sasaki was a young surgeon unhurt during the explosion, leaving him to care for thousands of Hiroshima’s wounded. FatherRead MoreRumor of War Book Review1614 Words   |  7 PagesA Rumor of War Book Review â€Å" ye shall hear of wars and rumors of wars, see that ye be not troubled, for all these things must come to pass, but the end is not yet†¦he that shall endure unto the end, he shall be saved† Matthew 24:6 Philip Caputo’s relationship with the Vietnam War is depicted in a disturbingly beautiful way in the memoir â€Å"A Rumor of War.† Throughout the course of the book, approximately 16 months, we observe a young, ambitious boy ready to prove his manhood, in search of adventureRead MoreA Rumor Of War : Character Analysis Essay1819 Words   |  8 PagesA Rumor of War: Character Analysis A Rumor of War details the experiences of Philip Caputo, a Vietnam veteran, as he struggles with the reality and cruelty of war. The story is divided into three sections which each highlight the hardships Caputo and how they cause his physical and mental breakdown. Caputo begins the story as a youthful twenty year old who craves excitement and adventure, and like any person his age, wants to discover himself and find a way to stand out from others. Swept up by patriotismRead MoreThe Movie Born on the Fourth of July Tells Much About The Vietnam War and the Cold War2764 Words   |  12 PagesMassapequa, Long Island that fought in the Vietnam War, who is played by Tom Cruise. It also stars Kyra Segwick, Raymond J. Barry, William Dafoe, and Frank Whaley. This film accurately illustrates not only what went on for the soldiers fighting in the Vietnam War and the effects that the war had at home, but also the social attitudes throughout the country during the 1950s and other major movement s during the time of the war, that like the anti-war sentiment, were largely a response to the pressuresRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder: Post Vietnam War1945 Words   |  8 Pagesthat with every war, there always comes casualties. Soldiers can lose an arm or a leg, or even their life when they go to war. Unfortunately soldiers can even lose their minds because of war. Specifically, this research paper will focus on PTSD, or in other words: post traumatic stress disorder. PTSD has shown up as a factor from many wars, but for some reason, one war in particular stands out from all others regarding the the PTSD numbers. It is called the Vietnam War. The Vietnam War (1956-1975) was

Can Code Scripts Save to an External File

Placing JavaScripts directly into the file containing the HTML for a web page is ideal for short scripts used while learning JavaScript. When you start creating scripts to provide significant functionality for your web page, however, the quantity of JavaScript can become quite large, and including these large scripts directly in the web page poses two problems: It may  affect the ranking of your page with the various search engines if the JavaScript takes up a majority part of the page content. This lowers the frequency of use of keywords and phrases that identify what the content is about.It  makes it harder to reuse the same JavaScript feature on multiple pages on your website. Each time you want to use it on a different page, you will need to copy it and insert it into each additional page, plus any changes the new location requires.   It is  much better if we make the JavaScript independent of the web page that uses it. Selecting JavaScript Code to Be Moved Fortunately, the developers of HTML and JavaScript have provided a solution to this problem. We can move our JavaScripts off of the web page and still have it function exactly the same. The first thing that we need to do to make a JavaScript external to the page that uses it is to select the actual JavaScript code itself (without the surrounding HTML script tags) and copy it into a separate file. For example, if the following script is on our page we would select and copy the part in bold: script typetext/javascriptvar hello Hello World;document.write(hello);/script There used to be a practice placing JavaScript in an HTML document inside of comment tags to stop older browsers from displaying the code; however, new HTML standards say that browsers should automatically treat the code inside of HTML comment tags as comments, and this results in browsers ignoring your Javascript.   If you have inherited HTML pages from someone else with JavaScript inside of comment tags, then you dont need to include the tags  in the JavaScript code that you select and copy. For example,  you would only copy the bold code, leaving out the HTML comment tags !-- and --  in the code sample below: script typetext/javascript!--var hello Hello World;document.write(hello);// --/script Saving JavaScript Code as a File Once you have selected the JavaScript code you want to move, paste it into a new file. Give the file a name that suggests what the script does or identifies the page where the script belongs. Give the file a .js suffix so that you know  the file contains JavaScript. For example we might use hello.js as the name of the file for saving the JavaScript from the example above. Linking to the External Script Now that we have our JavaScript copied and saved into a separate file, all we need to do is reference the external script file on our HTML web page document. First,  delete everything between the script tags: script typetext/javascript/script This doesnt yet tell the page what JavaScript to run, so we next need to add an extra attribute to the script tag itself that tells the browser where to find the script. Our example will now look like this: script typetext/javascriptsrchello.js/script The src attribute tells  the browser the name of the external file from where the JavaScript code for this web page should be read (which is hello.js in our example above).   You do not have to put all of your JavaScripts into the same location as your HTML web page documents. You may want to put them into a separate JavaScript folder. In this case, you just modify the value  in the src attribute to include the files location. You can specify any relative or absolute web address for the location of the JavaScript source file. Using What You Know You can now take any script that you have written or any script that you have obtained from a script library and move  it from the HTML web page code into an externally referenced JavaScript file. You may then  access that script file from any web page simply by adding the appropriate HTML script tags that call that script file.

Gothic Literature The Dark Side Of Romanticism - 1518 Words

Gothic literature is the dark side of Romanticism. The theme of Gothic stories is either mysterious, horror, or even death. Nathaniel Hawthorne and Edgar Allan Poe are authors that demonstrate Gothic literature. Some of their work include, â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† written by Edgar Allan Poe and â€Å"The Birthmark† by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The Cask of Amontillado tells how the narrator Montresor seeks revenge on his acquaintance, Fortunato. Montresor to desperate measures and did not catch. However, in â€Å"The Birthmark†, Aylmer, a scientist has become obsessed with convincing his wife, Georgianna, to remove her birthmark that is on her left cheek. Both stories show how the main character feels that his way is the best way to solve his problems. The ways they try to solve their problem lead to death. Hawthorne and Poe both draws their pasts to show Gothic literature within their stories. They also share some similarities within their stories. Such as the u sage of symbolism and irony to capture an audiences’ attention. However, they use different techniques within their stories to capture their readers’ attention. Another way Poe and Hawthorne use Gothic Literature within their stories is Poe writes on an element that effects the single emotion of the reader. While Hawthorne writes on the representation of his imagination and conception of the world. Using irony is one of the elements Poe and Hawthorne use in their writing. The irony is an expression of meaning by using languageShow MoreRelatedDark Romanticism1392 Words   |  6 Pages4. Define â€Å"Dark Romanticism† as you understand it by discussing two works by different authors. Account for the rise of this kind of writing in America and evaluate its appeal and significance then and now. The Dark Side of Romanticism Romantic literary texts focus on the expression of emotion. Authors during the Romantic period developed and integrated the idea of the individual being the main focus in life. Romantic authors focused on the individual being at the center of their own happiness andRead MoreDark Romanticism By Edgar Allen Poe1625 Words   |  7 PagesOne of the biggest literary of all times was known as dark romanticism. This kind of literature comes from the darkness inside of a person. Many people who like this style are know to be obsessed with gothic nature. Dark Romanticism is also know to come from darkness in the human soul, original sin, and a dark outlook on society. Dark Romanticism is the complete opposite of romanticism. According to what is dark romanticism â€Å" Dark Romanticism is. A sort of genre threat combines traditional love objectsRead MoreThe Old Nurse s Story1329 Words   |  6 PagesStory†, serves as the perfect example of the Gothic elements that were very popular in many authors stories and poems during this period of time. During this time of British literature, Romanticism and Gothic elements were the two main strategic ways of writing and how the audience read and perceived the stories being told. The Gothic element of writing consisted of dark, gloomy and ghostly literature that brought a haunted feel to the each story. Some Gothic stories could consist of ghostly figuresRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1733 Words   |  7 PagesWithin the specter of the Gothic fictions arises the atmosphere of gloom, terror, and mystery with some elements of uncanny challenging reality.At certain points, the interactions between the conventions of the Gothic fictions with other  thematic, ideological, and/or symbolic functions of the narrative  would rather be challenging. However, though the analysis of  Jane Eyre  written by  Charlotte Bronte, certain factors come into focus.The novel of Charlotte Bronte entitled Jane Eyre has showcase d aRead MoreEssay on Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights - A Great Romantic Novel835 Words   |  4 Pagesof thinking. The literature produced during this period reflected this wild and free-spirited imagination. The works dismissed the Enlightenment thinkers in their claims of Reason, progress, and universal truths (Damrosch, 1317). Instead, these writers explored superstitions and had a renewed sense of passion for the wild, the unfamiliar, the irregular, and the irrational (Damrosch, 1317). Other common elements of the writing during this period were the returned interest of gothic romance elementsRead MoreWuthering Heights By Emily Bronte1099 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Wuthering Heights† is the epitome of classical literature written by Emily Bronte in 1847. This masterpiece unfolds the story of two lovers, Catherine Earnshaw and Heathcliff and how their intense love for each other succumbed to revenge. The novel centralises around the theme of revenge through the use o f gothic elements. Gothic Literature and is a combination of fiction, horror and romanticism. Wuthering Heights effectively employs gothic literature elements to emphasis the characters, plot andRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Haunted Palace Essay943 Words   |  4 PagesEdgar Allan Poe: The Haunted Palace Edgar Allan Poe is a classic name in literature and is known for many of his works. Most of his works reflect one s thoughts, emotions and life. Many of his works fall under the category of Gothic literature, which is a combination of horror, death, and a little romance. Edgar Allan Poe s poem The Haunted Palace is a perfect example of Gothic literature, that also has a twist on romance. 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Coping Strategies of Parents of Children with Autism

This is part of my research, though it is still in the process of editing and completing the entire chapter 1. COPING MECHANISMS OF PARENTS OF CHILD A DIAGNOSED WITH AUTISM: BASIS FOR COUNSELING PROGRAM Researcher: Aracelli C Legarda INTRODUCTION Parenting is a highly stressful job. Everyday is a challenge. Some days are easy and others are hard. However still, this is one of the most challenging and rewarding jobs parents will ever face. It is therefore critical to know how parents cope when having a child with autism. Autism is a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. Autism affects information processing in†¦show more content†¦The many demands of the children with autism force the parents to adapt in order to survive. Parents are therefore compelled to utilize coping strategies to deal with these stressors. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK A child with autism is characterized with problems like impairment of communication, low social functioning and having aggressive and self-destructive behaviors. Impairment of communication in a child with autism is manifested with self initiated isolation, non usage of communication mediums such as reading, writing and simple conversation. They are generally limited to gestures. Though children with autism have ability to focus at their own liking in relation to their own time and activity, they cannot be diverted from one activity to the other unless they want to. The child adapts to the regular accepted norms of the society by low social functioning. The child may be found to be unreceptive to social interaction and would demonstrate his own ways of thought and actions. This becomes a problem when the receiver of the child’s behavior cannot translate it into what the child truly means. He cannot contribute to his social responsibilities. 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The only way to give support and provide the muchRead MoreInterview Assignment : The Peterson Family1203 Words   |  5 PagesSoutheastern Virginia. Previous, the family had lived in Italy due to Mr. Peterson s position in the United States Military but had moved to Virginia two years ago. Mrs. Peterson works at night and the parents have five children together. Christian is an intelligent 12 year old boy that was diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) by the United States Navy Developmental Pediatrician in Naples, Italy when he was 9 years old. Christian has one older sibling, Sarah and three younger siblings RebeccaRead MoreCoping Mechanism of Families with Autistic Children5009 Words   |  21 PagesIntroduction Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder that affects the brain’s development of social and communication skills and said to be a behaviorally-defined condition. 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Autisms Spectrum Disorder is â€Å"characteristic include markedly abnormal or impaired development in social interaction and communication, and restricted activity and interest repertoires† (page 1 integrated approach to yoga therapy and autism spectrum disorders) TreatmentRead MoreWorkshop for Family and Child Development Practitioners880 Words   |  4 PagesList 6 Workshop Session Topics Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders and the Implications of Play Rationale: A child experiencing autism always gets challenged in the social life of play with his/her friends. For a developing child, it is important to equally socialize the same way as other students. The inclusion of this topic in the workshop session will give the practitioners a basic knowledge and understanding of techniques and strategies to support a child in participation during freeRead MoreAutism And Its Effects On Children1097 Words   |  5 PagesAutism A heart attack, a stroke or a cancer diagnosis causes its members to confront the impact of the illness and re-evaluate their position. These illnesses are often life threatening, but critical intervention leads to a steady rehabilitation and possibly full recovery. This cannot be said, for a family impacted by a diagnosis of autism. Autism is a developmental disability that significantly affects three areas: communication, social interaction, and behavior. Autism being a spectrum disorderRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd ) Essay2229 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Autism is a group of neurodevelopment disorders, collectively called autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Autism is characterized by a variety of behavioural deficits such as impaired social interaction, problems with verbal and nonverbal communication, and unusual, repetitive, or severely limited activities and interests. The ASD’s include Asperger’s syndrome, Rett’s syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder, and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (usually referredRead MoreSpecial Needs: Parenting a Child with High Functioning Autism or Asperger Syndrome2019 Words   |  9 PagesRunning head: SPECIAL NEEDS: PARENTING A CHILD Special Needs: Parenting a Child with High Functioning Autism or Asperger Syndrome San Jose State University Introduction Parents who have children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) should define their parenting technique more so than parents of neurotypical children. Children with ASD have many different needs. For example, an ASD child has great difficulties with their social skills; this deficiency causes them not to have meaningful

Cyber Security in the Area of Business-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Cyber Secruity in the area of Business. Answer: Introduction: The report is based on the challenges of cyber security in business. In the modern era, the entire official work is depending on the computer. All the files and documents of the company or business are keeping in the files of the computer as an electronic form and it is important to keep them safe for their important nature. The modern technologies have able us to manage various works in a systematic manner. However, it has certain negative impacts too. One of the major problems regarding the computer based information system is hacking or phishing. Therefore, it becomes necessary to maintain a strong cyber security to secure the computer-based information protected. The information that are kept in the numerous folders are related with the future of a business and confidential in nature. All the business transactions, important contacts, agreements, accounting process and other necessary documents are secured in the files of computer. Hackers are targeting these files and trying to steal those documents, which is a potential threat for the future of the respective business (Wang Lu,2013). Thus, cyber security is necessary in this behalf. Hacking is a process through which the information that is remaining safe in the computer in certain encrypted format is transferring in another system without the knowledge of the respective business authority. It is a kind of stealing. In the language of computer, cyber security does not the net protection, but the physical protection too. The problem becomes a serious concern for many states as they are growing in nature. There are many steps are taken for that and many laws are encoded to deal with the potential threat (Collins, 2016). Project object: The cyber related problem is of serious in nature and therefore, it is important to take the matter seriously. It is important to know about the different aspects of the cyber problems, their effects, consequences, importance of the cyber security and challenges that have to be faced by the certain authorities in this regard. This project is discussing on each of these topics and set out an objectives regarding the purpose. Therefore, the main object of this project is to point out the challenges regarding the problem and to set out certain rules so that these problems can be set aside. Cyber security are that portion of the cyber law that are helpful to generate a systematic way regarding the encrypted version of the information and a protection regarding the same so that the information can be secured in a proper way (Webb Dayal, 2017). This project also discussed about different elements of the cyber security that includes securities relating to application, information, network and operational securities. Cyber security is an approach to the cyber threats and pointed out certain safeguard measures regarding the same. In the words of the CTO of Layer 7 Technologies, Adam Vincent, the most challenging feature of the cyber security is that the threats are much advanced than the security system. The idea of the hackers is faster than the protector and that creates a detrimental effect on the cyber security system. An attempt to point out the various dimension of the cyber security has been made through this project and certain measures have also chalk out for that purpose (Ibrahim, Hamlyn-Harris Grundy, 2016). Project scope: Therefore, it is a fact that the cyber hackers are become a threat to the cyber system and there are numerous cases working as an evidence to prove the fact. In the year 2014, cyber hacking becomes emergency in nature to the states like United States and Australia. The government has taken certain measures regarding the matter. However, the cyber security is facing some challenges and this report is describing the possible challenges. Therefore, the scope of the report is vehement in nature (Feakin, Nevill Hawkins, 2017). Literature review: Introduction: The subject matter of this report is to set out the challenges regarding the cyber security issue. It is important to give a brief history on the cyber security program and its effect to curb the phenomenon before stating the challenges it faces regarding the application. Cyber security is an effort to secure the encrypted documents and it has certain elements that are as follows: Application security; Network security; Information security; Business planning; and Operational security. Cyber security is an international problem and many countries are facing this problem. The serious nature of the matter makes the problem a potential threat (Gupta, Agrawal, Yamaguchi, 2016). Challenges: There are certain challenges faced by the cyber security regarding the issuance of the same. One of the most important risks are the advance mentality of the hacker regarding the subject. It has been a threat to the cyber security management as if the pattern of the hackers is unknown to the management, it will not possible to secure the system (Brewster, 2015). In Australia, an institution is set up to deal with the matter named as Australian Computer Society (Vogel, 2016). One of the officials of that society, Adam Vincent confessed the matter and revealed his worry regarding the advance ideas of the hackers. A failure regarding the same affected the whole system badly. Certain proactive approaches are taken in this behalf by another institution namely National Institute of Standards and Technology. The government is investing money to make the system strong and as per the report of the Forbes, the global markets regarding the cyber security program has reached an investment criter ion of $75 billion (Stojmenovic Wen, 2014). In spite of this, the system has faced certain challenges that are creating obstacles to reach the aim of the system and if the challenges are not curbed, the effect will be detrimental (Brewster, 2015). The major challenges regarding the same can be categorised as follows: Lack of research program; Barriers to the local security providers; and Shortage of experienced workers in this arena. The problem regarding the cyber security is international in nature and it is important to work on the topic in a most realistic way. As per the report of various sources, it has been come to the light that the mentality of the hackers is advanced in nature and the pattern of hacking is ever changing. Therefore, it is obvious to state that research regarding the problem is important issue. However, in Australia, there is a laxity regarding the same is observed. Research development program is important for every single matter that has certain detrimental effects. The research program is price worthy and if there is no sufficient investment can be done, that will be fatal in nature. The outcome of the research program resulted into laxity in the strategic approaches (Mikolic-Torreira et al., 2017). There is a yawning gap between the research management of the universities and businesses that is also work as a weak point in the cyber management of Australia. The communication problem r egarding the issue has created a serious problem in Australian society. It is a fact that except the large firms, there is a little scope for the programmer to do research on the topics of cyber hacking. This has created certain limitations to the small businesses and become the soft target for the hackers. Sometimes, the programmers are failed to work as per the expectation of the company and lack of research is the main problem behind this. Introduction of advanced technologies, involvement of cyber experts and installation of advanced soft ware need a huge amount of money (Anwar Mahmood, 2014). The second challenge is regarding the involvement of the local market authorities in the cyber system. It has been observed that there is a gap maintained by the corporate sector of Australia. The programmers of the large corporate sectors are getting many facilities for the research and the owner makes a large amount of investment. However, in case of the, proper investment is not possible and the local programmers have to face problems regarding the same. Certain other problems excluded the investment process (Hu, Vasilakos, 2016). There is a misunderstanding between the customers and the programmers occurred that lead the company towards an incredibility and bad reputation in the market. In Australia, there is a complex procurement process is in force. The main disadvantage of the process is that it restricts the smaller firms to come into the contact of the large-scale customers. Certain strategies should adopt by the government to avoid the problems and the procurement process should be relaxed as soon as possible (Singer Friedman, 2014). High talent is important to deal with the advance process of cyber hacking and the programmer should be well skilled in this respect (Appendix 2). However, Australia is facing certain difficulties regarding the issue. According to a report, Australia is lacking cyber talent and the position of the country regarding the issue is threatening. The system of the cyber security is lagging behind regarding this and the business of Australia has to face hurdle for that. There is a shortage of skill regarding the matter and due to this; a pay hike over the same is taking place in the business market (Shaw, 2016). As per the report of Forbes, in Australia, there is a need of at least 11,000 skilled programmers within 2020. The reason behind the laxity of skills is the internal dispute in the educational system of Australia. A gap is also taken place in between the theoretical and practical life and the new comers are deprived from the research management due to the lack of investment (Shafqat Masood, 2016). There is a need to involve experts in the education system who are experienced in this sector (Appendix 1). The universities should make a syllabus that will be treated as skill worthy. That will help the country to make certain well-trained cyber graduates who can be hopeful for the management and can deliver necessary strategies to curb the cyber hacking policies. Except the educational system, the attitude of the employers is also a reason behind it. In many cases, it has been observed that the employers are demanding certain criteria that are not possible to meet by programmers and the technical position of the country become weaker regarding this. In Australia, there are laxity regarding the proper training observed (Rajakaruna, Shahnia Ghosh, 2016). In the words of Andrzej Kawalec, an official of HPE security services, in the modern era, there is a lean on the adoption of the technologies are observed and a united approach as against the cyber risk is necessary. The united approach includes the team management program and that requires the trust on the partners. As per the notion of Marshall Heliman, a cyber researcher, the potential risk regarding the cyber security is the reluctances of the companies regarding the issue of cyber threats. The companies should concentrate on the authentication system and a strategic approach is needed in that case. It is to be understood what the main targeting area of the hackers are (Brookes, 2015). According to the view of Chris Leach, the methodologies of the hackers are changing time to time and it is becoming a threat to the programmers to act properly in this behalf. The attacks on the business transactions are nefarious in nature and the way of the hacking styles are becoming proactive in this case. A proactive defence strategy should be adopted in this case and there should be enhancement regarding the critical database is required. The government as well as the private companies with high obligation should trace out the root of the problems and the weak points are to be resolved as soon as possible (Jokar, Arianpoo Leung, 2016). Australia is a business-oriented country and cyber transaction is essential part of it. A lot of money is transferring on online basis and the financial sector of the country is vehemently engaged with this encrypted system. These technological infrastructures should be protected with priorities and must be underpinned in every single portion where the data are collected. Cyber security does not happen with the system of computer only. In the modern area, the shadow of the hackers is imprinted on the sphere of mobile phone also. The hackers are adopted the cloud technologies and generate attacks in the mobile transactions (Appendix 3) (Jokar, Arianpoo Leung, 2016). Password management is also a serious threat for the cyber security program. Passwords are the security key that prevent the outsider to enter into the personal data of a person. In the computer system, passwords are the encrypted version of the security system. It is the common pattern for the hackers to break this security keys to grab the confidential and necessary data from the account of a person. Threats are generated by the botnet also. Botnet stands for the remotely controlled hackers who tried to hack the computers through remote. The advantage regarding the botnet is that it can hack the web cam, Wi-Fi router and even a modem. They are injecting malware in the system of others and targeting the poor security designs to steal the data. Therefore, the technology regarding the Botnet should be prevented and the necessary steps are to be taken in this regard. The hackers are developing the standards of the botnet day today and there is a strong step taken for the purpose (Schoitsch, 2016). Conclusion: Therefore, from the above named paragraphs, it can conclude that the cyber hacking is generated as a potential threat to the business sector of Australia and the index of the threat is growing in nature. Cyber security is important to protect the important documents to facilitate the process of business and to secure the transaction properly. The business process in the country like Australia is highly based on the computer program. The business related transactions, data, contacts, contracts are vehemently depend on the computer service and the threat from the hackers are become epidemic in nature. There are certain measures taken by the government, but the cyber security is facing tremendous problem regarding certain issues. The issues are explained in the above named paragraphs in a detailed way. The common thing prevailed in that case is that the hackers are using advanced technologies and the mindset of the hackers is more advanced. They are targeting the weak security system of the computers and trying to grab all the data from the system. The biggest challenge for the programmers is the lack of investment in this section and insufficient research method. Absence of necessary strategies is also a potential threat to the cyber security cells. However, as the business world is vehemently depends on the cyber technologies, the government has to take all the possible steps to curb the detrimental effects of the cyber hacking and protect the encrypted information for the betterment of the business and the future of the country. References Reference: Wang, W., Lu, Z. (2013). Cyber security in the Smart Grid: Survey and challenges.Computer Networks,57(5), 1344-1371. Collins, A. (2016).Contemporary security studies. Oxford university press. Webb, T., Dayal, S. (2017). Building the wall: Addressing cybersecurity risks in medical devices in the USA and Australia.Computer Law Security Review. Ibrahim, A. S., Hamlyn-Harris, J., Grundy, J. (2016). Emerging security challenges of cloud virtual infrastructure.arXiv preprint arXiv:1612.09059. Feakin, T., Nevill, L., Hawkins, Z. (2017). The AustraliaUS Cyber Security Dialogue. Gupta, B., Agrawal, D. P., Yamaguchi, S. (Eds.). (2016).Handbook of research on modern cryptographic solutions for computer and cyber security. IGI Global. Vogel, R. (2016). Closing the cybersecurity skills gap.Salus Journal,4(2), 32. Brewster, D. (2015). The AustraliaIndia framework for security cooperation: another step towards an Indo-Pacific security partnership. Brewster, D. (2015). The AustraliaIndia framework for security cooperation: another step towards an Indo-Pacific security partnership. Stojmenovic, I., Wen, S. (2014, September). The fog computing paradigm: Scenarios and security issues. InComputer Science and Information Systems (FedCSIS), 2014 Federated Conference on(pp. 1-8). IEEE. Mikolic-Torreira, I., Snyder, D., Price, M., Shlapak, D., Beaghley, S., Bishop, M., ... Westerman, E. (2017). Exploring Cyber Security Policy Options in Australia. Anwar, A., Mahmood, A. N. (2014). Cyber security of smart grid infrastructure.arXiv preprint arXiv:1401.3936. Hu, J., Vasilakos, A. V. (2016). Energy big data analytics and security: challenges and opportunities.IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,7(5), 2423-2436. Singer, P. W., Friedman, A. (2014).Cybersecurity: What Everyone Needs to Know. Oxford University Press. Shaw, R. (2016). Export controls and the life sciences: controversy or opportunity?.EMBO reports, e201642254. Shafqat, N., Masood, A. (2016). Comparative analysis of various national cyber security strategies.International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security,14(1), 129. Rajakaruna, S., Shahnia, F., Ghosh, A. (2016).Plug in electric vehicles in smart grids. Springer Verlag, Singapor. Brookes, C. (2015). Cyber security: Time for an integrated whole-of-nation approach in australia.Indo-Pacific Strategic Papers. Jokar, P., Arianpoo, N., Leung, V. (2016). A survey on security issues in smart grids.Security and Communication Networks,9(3), 262-273. Schoitsch, E., Schmittner, C., Ma, Z., Gruber, T. (2016). The need for safety and cyber-security co-engineering and standardization for highly automated automotive vehicles. InAdvanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications 2015(pp. 251-261). Springer, Cha

Physical Therapy Essay Example For Students

Physical Therapy Essay The physical therapists of today do much more than restore function to traumatized limbs. They work with children to overcome crippling birth defects and with stroke victims to restore movement and independent living. For post-operative patients, they are the link in the health care team that speeds successful recovery Physical therapists prevent and treat athletic injuries, teach special exercises and body mechanics to ease low back pain and plan treatment programs to reduce pain and improve motion in arthritic joints. The role of Physical Therapy Essay in present-day health care has become significant in the concept of total patient management. Because of advancements made, and improved research in treatments and techniques using scientific methodology, an ever-increasing variety of conditions are being seen for consultation by a physical therapist. We will write a custom essay on Physical Therapy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Physical therapists can apply their skills in most disciplines in medicine including neurology, neurosurgery, orthopedics, general surgery, family practice, pediatrics, geriatrics, rheumatology, internal medicine, cardiovascular medicine, cardiopulmonary medicine, psychiatry, and sports medicine The American Physical Therapy Association describes physical therapy as a form of health care that prevents, identifies, corrects, and alleviates acute or prolonged movement dysfunction of anatomic or physiologic origin. The primary objective of physical therapy is to promote optimum human health and function. Working always in conjunction with physicians, they are valuable members of the health care team, trained to improve movement and function, relieve pain and expand mobility potential. Through evaluation and programs of treatment Physical Therapists can help existing problems and provide preventive health care for people and children with a variety of needs. Physical therapy is a fun and exciting healthcare profession that helps people with many types of medical afflictions. Although the profession is relatively new, physical therapy initially began during World War I with the work done by restorative aides. The profession has grown over the years and therapists can now specialize in pediatrics, sports medicine, neurology, home health, geriatrics, orthopedics, aquatic therapy, wound care, electrotherapy, occupational health, womens health, acute care, education, administration, research and cardiopulmonary rehabilitation. Physical therapists today will often work in a variety of settings at hospitals, nursing homes, schools, outpatient clinics, fitness facilities, the home environment and at many industrial companies. A physical therapist will evaluate and treat those with musculoskeletal disorders, neurological dysfunctions and those with other types of disease, injury or illness. Manual therapy, joint mobilization, myofascial release and neurodevelopmental(NDT) techniques are only some of the special skills used by therapists to treat patients to help lessen disability, pain and improve overall function and quality of life. Therapists use special equipment called modalities when treating patients which help aid in the healing and recovery of an injury. Electrical stimulation, hot packs, cold packs, infrared and ultrasound are only some of the modalities one may require during a treatment session with a physical therapist. As part of treatment and the rehabilitation process, a physical therapist will often stretch, strengthen, facilitate muscles, challenge balance, test coordination abilities, teach home exercise programs and enhance basic mobility skills. The physical therapy assistant helps the physical therapist with patient treatment programs. Rehabilitation is not done solely by the physical therapist or physical therapy assistant, but by the team efforts of many health professionals. Physical therapists will coordinate treatment plans with doctors, nurses, social workers and occupational therapists just to name a few. This multidisciplinary approach helps achieve patient goals and individual treatment outcomes as quickly and as effectively as possible. Occupational therapy is another allied health field closely associated with physical therapy. While occupational therapy generally concentrates on activities of daily living, the ability to dress, cook, clean and manage safely in the home environment, physical therapy will focus on basic gross mobility skills such as getting out of bed, walking safely with crutches or a walker, moving specific joints and strengthening specific muscles the body. Both fields overlap somewhat as both provide special splints, hand/upper extremity (arm) therapy, and work hardening/work conditioning programs. Both professions also aim to reduce pain, restore function, and promote as much independence as possible. The practice of physical therapy and occupational therapy vary from place to place and if physical therapy around the globe is explored, one may find slight variations in the practice of physical therapy within different countries. To learn . Physical Therapy Essay Example For Students Physical Therapy Essay My prior experiences with sports medicine made it a top choice for a career. After numerous injuries to my knees and ankles, my doctor scheduled me to see a top sports physician. The rigorous exercise program that he helped me through put me on the fast track to recovery. The power to positively impact a persons future is a gift that not many people have, but these physicians do. I wish to be a part of these few who help so many. Although a seemingly exciting career, there were still many things that I needed to know before making a leap and proclaiming it my future career. For example, How does it pay? or What kind of hours would I be looking at? came to mind. Other questions, such as, What schooling in required? and How did the future look? also baffled me. Still another aspect perplexed me: Is the work rewarding? These questions, and more, would be answered later. We will write a custom essay on Physical Therapy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The search for these answers was a long and mysterious trek through cyberspace. Entering the computer lab at 12:10 p. m. on Monday, February 16th, and after hearing the teachers instructions, I began my journey into the world of Physical Therapy Essay. First, after taking a career choice test, I was given information about funeral directors. That didnt matter, I was looking for sports medicine. The first day ended up being a total waste of time. The next day I strolled into the lab and found that my computer was broken. I ended up at a different seat and began my search. Then I found it: a gold mine of information. The three sites listed later offered me all that I could possible want to know about my chosen profession. The search had come to an end. Through this search, I have decided that physical therapy is the job for me. Great hours, exceptional pay, extraordinary working conditions and increasing demand for the profession were some of my conclusions from the research. Hours, for example, are nine to five and could possible include weekends. Pay, for another example, is in the forty-five to sixty thousand dollar range and is increasing.1 The working conditions include hospitals and even private clinics. The future for the field of physical therapy is a bright one. More and more people are becoming disabled and the need for therapists rises with them. Schooling is fairly simple for physical therapy. A masters degree and several hours of on the job training are what is required. After that work should come to those with the training.2 Physical therapy is a growing occupation that requires skilled employees.3 The chance to help others who have had the same problems as I, is a chance that I will like to take. Although I have chosen it as a top career idea, there are still questions that must be asked before I take the step into the unknown. After these questions are answered I will try to do everything in my power to prepare for this career. .

Pixar and Walt Disney Merger Essay Example

Pixar and Walt Disney Merger Paper NEW YORK Mickey Mouse and Nemo are now corporate cousins. Walt Disney has announced that it is buying Pixar, the animated studio led by Apple head Steve Jobs, in a deal worth $7. 4 billion. Speculation about a deal being imminent raged on Wall Street for the past few weeks. Disney has released all of Pixars films so far, but the companies current distribution deal was set to expire following the release of this summers Cars. The merger brings together Disneys historic franchise of animated characters, such as Mickey, Minnie Mouse and Donald Duck, with Pixars stable of cartoon hits, including the two Toy Story films, Finding Nemo and The Incredibles. Disney and Pixar can now collaborate without the barriers that come from two different companies with two different sets of shareholders, said Jobs in a statement. Now, everyone can focus on what is most important, creating innovative stories, characters and films that delight millions of people around the world. As part of the deal, J obs will become a board member of Disney, the companies said. And John Lasseter, the highly respected creative director at Pixar who had previously worked for Disney, will rejoin the House of Mouse as chief creative officer for the companys combined animated studios and will also help oversee the design for new attractions at Disney theme parks. The addition of Pixar significantly enhances Disney animation, which is a critical creative engine for driving growth across our businesses, said Disney CEO Robert Iger in a written statement. During a conference call with analysts Tuesday, Iger said that acquisition discussions had been going on for the past several months. Jobs added that after a lot of soul searching, he came to the conclusion that it made the most sense for Pixar to align itself with Disney permanently instead of trying to distribute films on its own or sign with another movie studio partner. According to the terms of the deal, Disney (Research) will issue 2. 3 shares for each Pixar share. Based on Tuesdays closing prices, that values Pixar at $59. 78 a share, about a 4 percent premium to Pixars current stock price. Shares of Pixar (Research) fell slightly in regular trading on the Nasdaq Tuesday but gained nearly 3 percent in after-hours trading. The stock has surged more than 10 percent so far this year on takeover speculation. Disneys stock gained 1. 8 percent in regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange and was flat after-hours. Prior to the deals announcement, some Wall Street observers had speculated that Disney may be paying too much for Pixar. A source tells FORTUNE that some Disney board members also thought the price was too high. To that end, Disney chief financial officer Thomas Staggs said during the conference call that the deal would reduce Disneys earnings slightly in fiscal 2006, which ends this September, as well as fiscal 2007. We will write a custom essay sample on Pixar and Walt Disney Merger specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pixar and Walt Disney Merger specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pixar and Walt Disney Merger specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer He added though that Pixar should add to earnings by fiscal 2008 and that Disney was still on track to post annual double-digit percentage gains in earnings through 2008. But one hedge fund manager said that the risk of Disney losing Pixar was too great. The question isnt did Disney pay too much but how expensive would it have been for Disney if Pixar fell into someone elses hands, said Barry Ritholtz, chief investment officer with Ritholtz Capital Partners, a hedge fund that focuses on media and technology stocks. Jeffrey Logsdon, an analyst with Harris Nesbitt, agreed with that assessment. He said that Pixars success quotient justified the price of the deal. Pixar has yet to have a flop with its six animated movies. They have grossed more than $3. 2 billion worldwide, according to movie tracking research firm Box Office Mojo. Disney, however, has struggled in the computer-generated animated movie arena. Even though its most recent CG-animated film, Chicken Little performed better than many had expected at the box office, it was not as big a hit as any of the Pixar films. Robert Iger has made no secret of the fact that he wanted to get the animated business back to where it was. Its what Disney has known for but the movies they did in-house did not do as well as the ones they did with Pixar, said Michael Cuggino, a fund manager who owns about 100,000 shares of Disney in the Permanent Portfolio and Permanent Portfolio Aggressive Growth funds. Pixar has yet to announce what movies it is working on after Cars, however. It is believed that Pixars next film about a rat living in a fancy Parisian restaurant, tentatively titled Ratatouille may be released on 2007 and that a Toy Story 3 may be in the works as well. Jobs said during the conference call that nothing has been decided about future Pixar releases yet, but added that the company feels strongly about making sequels to some of its previous hits. And Iger said that announced plans for Disney-produced animated films, including the release of American Dog in 2008 and Rapunzel Unbraided in 2009, are still on track. It would have been unthinkable to imagine Disney and Pixar teaming up just a few years ago. The two companies broke off talks to extend their current distribution agreement in 2004 due to a strained relationship between Jobs and former Disney CEO Michael Eisner. But since Iger succeeded Eisner last year, he has extended an olive branch to Jobs. Disney and Apple have already announced several online programming deals during the past few months. Disney now has agreements in place to sell hit ABC prime time shows, such as Desperate Housewives and Lost, as well as content from ABC Sports and ESPN on Apples popular iTunes music and video store. Cuggino said the addition of Jobs, who will also become Disneys largest individual shareholder, to Disneys board could mean that more innovative digital deals could be in the works. Jobs is a dynamic personality who knows consumer electronics. Its an opportunity to bring some youthful energetic thinking to Disneys board. Disney, like many other large media companies, has seen its stock price stagnate during the past year as investors have flocked to more rapidly growing digital media firms such as Apple as well as search engines Google (Research) and Yahoo! Research) But Logsdon said the acquisition of Pixar could help Disney increase revenue throughout all of its business lines. So even though some may be quibbling in the short-term about how much Disney had to spend, he thinks Disney made the right move. Its a smart strategic deal, Logsdon said. The benefit in theme parks, consumer products and cable will probably make this deal look a lot smarter a year or two from now.

How to Write an Essay Topic - College Essay Topics

How to Write an Essay Topic - College Essay TopicsIf you want to have the ability to write an essay, then you will need to write on a college essay topic. For many students, the idea of writing an essay has been intimidating.You may be wondering what a college topic is, but even if you don't know what it is, you should know that you can find many college topics in bookstores and on the internet. Once you find your college topic, you'll need to choose what level you want to work on. When you do this, you will also have to choose the format for your essay.When you are choosing a college topic, it's a good idea to have a good idea of what type of content you want to write. There are many things that you may need to include in your topic, such as what your major is, what your major interests are, and other details. Once you've done all of this, you can start researching.Since there are many colleges to choose from, you will find that the best colleges for you to write an essay on are the ones with the most interesting topics. Once you've found the ones that fit this description, then you should start by choosing the topic itself. This is often a very fun task because you'll get to work with the topic and it won't be as boring as you thought it would be. When you have an idea of what type of college topic you want to write, it will make it much easier to find college essay topics.When you're choosing your topic, you'll want to choose one that is similar to the type of college you are going to attend. Of course, you can change the topic whenever you feel like it. Since this is a topic that you are going to write on, you will want to choose something that's very personal.By doing this, you will find that you'll have a lot more fun working on the college topic because it won't be so impersonal. Many students find that this is a very good idea because they like to feel that they are expressing themselves. Of course, this doesn't mean that you will write a subpar essay; rather, you should use the topic as a basis for what type of essay you will write.When you want to find out how to write an essay topic, you should start looking at the samples that have been written by other students. When you do this, you'll find that there are many different college topics available online. Once you have the examples that you want, you should continue to look at these samples and see what kind of writing you think you might like to do.When you are trying to figure out how to write an essay topic, you will find that there are many samples to choose from. Once you've chosen one that is right for you, then you should look at the examples that have been written by other students. By doing this, you will soon find that you can start writing your own college topic.

Honda vs Toyota essays

Honda vs Toyota essays Honda and Toyota have been two leading competitors in the automobile business for several decades. Both being rivals in the foreign Japanese market and in the United States as well. Over the years, both have created compact cars, sport utility vehicles, sports cars, minivans, mid-sized vans, and hybrids. These two companies have flourished in the American automobile industry and have gained the loyalty of many customers. Now a days, cars have to meet strict emission laws based on California criteria due to the high level of pollution. The government has even had to step into the industry making manufacturers produce cars with catalytic converters. Toyota and Honda have taken these aspects into affect by creating the Honda Civic and the Toyota Corolla. Honda has actually set the standard for the compact car, making the Civic one of the most U.L.E.V (Ultra Low Emissions Vehicles) in the industry. Toyota on the other hand has set the standard for the mid-sized vehicle with the Camry. Ev er since Toyota introduced the Camry sedan in 1983, it has become the best passenger car for the last four years in America. According to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, the Honda Civic and the Toyota Camry received the best overall ratings in each of their class. Thus, creating a tense competition in the automobile industry. In the past few years, consumers have demanded more and more cars that are not only affordable, but also fuel-efficient. This rise in demand is due to the changing factors in the taste of the buyers, the rise in population, the rise income, the rise in prices of substitutes, and the drop in the prices of complement products and services. Honda and Toyota have both made quite a sum of money by taking advantage of the opportunity of these rises in demand. These rises in demand have made sales in both companies double within the past decade. As times change, people and their tastes change as well. Every year, Honda and To...

Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Project - Essay Example Open door policy helps staff acknowledge the importance of parents as the primary caretakers of a child. The staff needs to be friendly and approachable. In an early childhood setting, it is important to develop relationships between parents and a childcare worker, which are based on trust (Whalley, 2003). The study was conducted with five sets of parents who all live in an inner city community, and are from different background and cultures, who were interviewed using a prepared interview guide. Their responses were analysed to determine the school experience, home structure, and the home–school relationships developed by parents to promote high academic achievement among their children. The result of this study shows the contribution of parents towards the academic achievements of children and thereby the need of successful interaction between parents and staff to share strategies Therefore, what occurs at home has a significant impact on what happens in school. This relationship will assist parents support their children to achieve their full learning potential. My research focused on the role of parent involvement in increasing the child’s intellectual capacity, attitudes, and academic achievement across all subject areas of the National Curriculum. Based on information from the National Child Development, my study found that the involvement of parents improved children’s prospects at school (Buchanan, 2001). Parents are the most important people in a child’s life because they are the people who matter most to him/her. Communication between the school and the parents must be maintained throughout a child’s time in school (Burnham, 2002). Therefore, the staff working in the setting should communicate and encourage the registered parents all the time to meet the needs of the children. Communicating with parents can be verbal or in the form of a written letter.

Rbv2 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Rbv2 - Research Paper Example John Lewis too experienced negative sales and at one point in the year 2009 it was below the average of the British Retail Consortium. During this time, John Lewis experienced a serious fundamental difficulty in the UK market. Even though the company had a massive rational affinity, its emotional affinity as well popularity was dwindling. The result was that the retail shop underwent a period of relatively low share of the wallet of its target customer. For the past few years, John Lewis has developed and implemented an assortment of resources aimed at giving it a competitive advantage over other retail shops in the industry. (Barney, 1991) in the Resource Based Review (RBV) argues that companies and organisations should put more investment on the capabilities and resources that they deem, able to propel them towards achieving a sustainable and realistic competitive advantage hence boosting their performance. Resources can be defined as stocks of available factors owned by a firm (Amit et al, 1993). On the other hand, ‘capabilities’ is defined as the ease of an organization to coordinate different tasks while using the available resources to attain a set objective (Helfat et al, 2003). John Lewis developed a more sophisticated e-commerce website that has advanced functionalities and services than those of its competitors. The company management ensures the online store is frequently updated with product information as it may appeal to potential customers. Additionally, John Lewis embarked on a serious online campaign and social network marketing. For instance in Dec 2009 basically the Christmas period, the company introduced more sectional and emotional ads that generated huge leads to back to the online store as well as physical store visits. Its ad campaign named ‘Never Knowingly Undersold’ has made the company to outperform in the UK

Anne Sexton Literary Essay Example for Free

Anne Sexton Literary Essay Anne Sexton transforms the well-known fairytale Snow White into a sardonic piece of writing that reflects societal perceptions of the woman. In her poem she explores the idea that a woman is nothing more than a doll, something that sits pretty on a shelf for all to admire. She also describes the reliance on men, and how women are becoming dependent and incompetent. She counteracts this with a women’s intelligence compared to her beauty and vanity, and what a woman should be. She explores the idea of beauty and vanity going hand in hand, meaning that even princesses can be vain. Fairytales aren’t real, and they are overrated- happily ever after does not exist, especially for those who aren’t beautiful. All fairytales have a female antagonist, and one that is usually a princess. Snow White is sexualized as the virgin. Good Day Mama,  and shut for the thrust  of the unicorn. She is unsoiled. She is as white as a bonefish. (9-13) This text explains that she innocent and untouched. All that matters to a prince is that she is beautiful and a virgin. A brand new doll with porcelain skin and glassy eyes. cheeks as fragile as cigarette paper, arms and legs made of Limoges, lips like Vin Du Rhà ´ne, rolling her china-blue doll eyes open and shut. (3-7) Sexton compares Snow White to a doll because she is merely an object for ones admiration and love. She is to be pampered and taken care of in return of sitting pretty on the shelf, to be admired. Beauty and vanity play the two-sided coin in this poem, you can’t have one without the other. The queen epitomizes vanity, when she asks the mirror who is the fairest of the land. When the reply is Snow White, she is outraged. Being the most beautiful person in the land is what the queen desires. She craves the attention because beauty is so valued, and Sexton makes that clear. If Snow White or the Queen weren’t beautiful, would anyone ever notice them? Sexton says,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Beauty is a simple passion.† Meaning everyone desires beauty, so those who have it are more noticed. Because Snow White is beautiful, both the prince and the dwarves value her. But with beauty comes vanity, and that is something that Sexton believes in. She believes women should be active and intelligent; beauty is just a faà §ade that relieves women of reaching their full potential. If a woman is beautiful, she can be just as successful as a smart woman without doing all the work because she can rely on men. Any man will want a beautiful wife that does not interfere with his matters. This is what the prince seeks, and finds when he falls in love with Snow White only for her beauty. He stayed so long his hair turned green and still he would not leave. The dwarfs took pity upon him and gave him the glass Snow White its dolls eyes shut forever to keep in his far-off castle. Sexton believes all women should work to be smart, and beauty is no reason not to achieve that. Snow White is unintelligent because she keeps opening the door to the queen even when the dwarfs urge her not too. Her unintelligence is linked to her reliance on a man because she ends up in the happily-ever-after position as the wife of a prince even though she did nothing to deserve it. But what Sexton is trying to show us at the end of the poem that Snow White is now obsessed with herself and her status, and that she will one day be the queen that tries to kill the next young beauty. Meanwhile Snow White held court, rolling her china-blue doll eyes open and shut and sometimes referring to her mirror as women do. The fairytale ending is fictional. The world isn’t Prince Charmings, beautiful princesses, and evil queens that always lose. ‘The End’ isn’t ever the end because it’s a cycle of innocence, beauty, vanity, and then ultimately envy. Beautiful women are nothing more than an item; they rely on men and are not intelligent. They are envious, and full of vanity. The  perfect women doesn’t exist, and there will never be a happily ever after.

Human Resources and Competitive Performance :: Business HR

The Human Resources department contributes to an organization’s competitive performance through: recruitment and selection, globalization and technology. Recruitment and Selection An organization's success depends on the knowledge, skills, and abilities of its employees, particularly as they help establish competencies which distinguishes one organization from its competitors and other organizations. When an organization has employees with talents that are valuable, rare, difficult to imitate an organization can achieve a continued competitive advantage. In order to "compete through people", an organization has to be able to do a good job of managing their human capital: the knowledge, skills, and capabilities that add value to the organizations (Mathis and Jackson, 2003). Human Resources and Managers must work together to develop strategies for identifying, recruiting, and hiring the best talent available. Through recruiting and selecting the best talent organizations are able to have higher productivity and compete and the highest levels. Human Resources can ensure that organizations have a competitive advantage by selecting the right employee for the rig ht job. Globalization The second way human resources can create a competitive advantage for an organization is through globalization. The environment in which businesses compete is rapidly becoming globalized. More organizations are entering international markets by exporting their products overseas, building plants in other countries, and entering into alliances with foreign companies (Mathis & Jackson, 2003). Companies are trying to gain a competitive advantage, through international expansion. Deciding whether to enter foreign markets and whether to develop plants or other facilities in other countries is no simple matter and many human resource issues surface. (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, and Wright, 534). If human resources manages the issues that the organization is faced with when globalizing and provides the best services for the issues, it can increase the competitive performance among employees. Doing business globally requires adapting to many different cultures, and political systems, HR can p rovide diversity training, to cover the cultural issues and political affairs. If an organization has a reputation for being more diverse and understanding of various cultures and knowledge of various political systems they are competing at higher levels. Technology Technology is a leading factor in completive organizations, because it is so prominent today. Technology is the third way HR can create a competitive advantage for an organization. By creating a technology friendly HR where employees can access all information at any time in a timely manner.

Management Consultancy Services Essay

Following the Enron case and others, the place and role of professional advisers within corporate governance was thrown into public focus and as a result the professional management bodies across the world revisited their policies on various regulatory mechanisms. The policies formulated by ‘Institute of Management Consultancy’, United Kingdom is taken as a reference in the discussions below. The general principles are summarized. – Self-regulation is best delivered through a modern, professional approach, i.e. through standards backed by disciplinary arrangements that are supported by external validation and a Code of Professional Conduct and Ethical Guidelines that apply to all members. – A framework is required at the organizational and individual level to ensure that clients are able to make an informed decision about their choice of consultancy advice. – A sector-wide definition of management consultancy should be developed that will assist in a number of ways, including the debate around self-regulation, and be sufficiently flexible to accommodate new providers of consultancy. – The sector-wide definition should be â€Å"Management consultancy is the provision to management of objective advice and assistance relating to the strategy, structure, management and operations of an organization in pursuit of its long-term purposes and objectives. Such assistance may include the identification of options with recommendations; the provision of an additional resource and/or the implementation of solutions.† – The definition of a management consultant should be â€Å"Management consultants are those organisations and/or individuals that participate in the process of management consultancy within a framework of appropriate and relevant professional disciplines and ethics designed for the activity of management consultancy.† – The principle of detailed technical regulation of management consultancy should be rejected and that the essential skills of consulting are primarily behavioral, stressing the importance of competences and ethical standards. – Any regulatory regime requires a significant element of independence from the profession in terms of membership and operation. – The option of a regulatory system that provides easily accessible information from clients on the performance of firms and individuals should be considered carefully. – The global nature of consultancy means that the complexities of jurisdiction and applicable law need to be taken into account and the dangers of regulatory systems being used as restraints on trade or for the furtherance of the interests of trade blocs recognized. – The question of the interaction of parallel regulatory systems needs to be explored thoroughly with a wide range of professional and trade bodies. – Management consultancy is immensely competitive. Any self-regulatory regime must not fetter the ability of management consultants to compete for business, with the opportunities for other companies that they may bring. – The Government does not have a formal role in regulating the profession of management consultancy. Its role is to encourage and support stakeholders in management consultancy, including clients and other institutes, to develop a system that protects users and enables the UK profession to compete in a global market. 2. PROFESSIONAL CONSULTANCY ORGANIZATIONS & CHALLENGES â€Å"Traditionally the state has awarded associations of professionals the privilege of self-regulation in return for an assurance that members abide by a set of standards and an ethical code of conduct to ensure protection of the public interest. As increasing levels of education and social awareness give rise to greater expectations†¦ traditional structures, rules and regulations are challenged and justification for privilege is questioned†. The position of trade and professional bodies is also made more complex by the increasing demand from members for such bodies to defend them from these pressures. This representational role has to be balanced carefully against the public protection responsibility. The regulatory function itself is not without its pitfalls. They are cent red on â€Å"†¦ensuring that everyone in the market is covered, how any regulations are to be enforced and also possibly ensuring that restrictive trade practices legislation is not used again st them. All such arrangements are potentially unstable and perhaps are held together predominantly by the fear of more onerous statutory regulation†. But these difficulties are compounded in an international environment. The increasing globalization that result in emergence of a single market mean that â€Å"†¦the developments of rules and regulations concerning two issues – competition amongst professionals and standardization of qualifications – are of particular concern†. But the profession is also global in nature and regulation has also to be seen in against a shifting pattern of international trading and political structures. One driver for change is seen as â€Å"..deregulation and privatization, combined with a gradual shifting of policy-making to the global level†. If regulation is the key, what form should it take? It can be introduced at a number of levels, i.e. the activity (technical regulation); individuals (standards and qualifications); firms (the trade association model) or the profession as a whole (ethics and principles). All of them have their difficulties. Some believe that the accounting profession in the USA had the wrong approach, i.e. â€Å"Based on strict adherence to rules, it inadvertently encouraged innovations of the worst kind; creative accounting†. 3. SHOULD MANAGEMENT CONSULTANCY BE REGULATED? There is, equally, the view that regulation is not needed at all. The market will regulate itself. This, of course, ignores that fact that business takes place within a societal framework and the view that the market is the ultimate regulator is, surely, flawed. It is based on the notion, sound in theory but questionable in practice, that the market is a perfect mechanism. Others suggest that the secret lies in the education of the client to make it an informed marketplace. It also has to balanced with the view that, if management consultancy wishes to be seen as professional, â€Å"Professional awareness and behavior come when the early juggling with a little knowledge gives way to skilled application of a generally accepted body of knowledge according to accepted standards of integrity†. It is also the case that the development of partnerships between clients and professional service firms (including investment by the latter in the former) may well limit the willingness of c lients to ‘shop around’. The key question then is what is regulation for. In essence of course it is to ensure that the customers or stakeholders receive the goods and services that they need and that the suppliers claim to provide. In the case of management consultancy this must mean that clients receive the best possible advice to help them in taking their organizations forward. In a market dominated by a few global brands, it is about extending the transparency and extent of choice to enable clients to choose on the basis of expertise, quality of delivery and cost. It is also about balancing the need to extend these principles down from the firm to the individual and the costs of any system. The government view has been that good self-regulation coupled with demanding industry and people standards help companies compete in a global marketplace. When combined with effective self-regulatory systems and where appropriate supporting mechanisms exist to encourage good practice and resolve cross-border disputes, this development will reduce barriers and realize a single market worldwide. 4. STEP 1 IN REGULATAION – WHO ARE MANAGEMENT CONSULTANTS? A number of definitions have been developed in recent years. The following is a small selection: Management consultants are used first to provide wider additional expertise than is available within a single organization. Thus a change in production or marketing may require expertise in designing and implementing a new system. Secondly, management consultants are used to provide objective appraisals where it is often easier for the expert outsider to see the broader picture and recognize the long-term requirements. Thirdly, the management consultant may be needed to provide additional assistance where there is a temporary increase in the management workload. This may be to cope with a major change or new development in any area of management responsibility.† The rendering of independent advice and assistance on management issues. This typically includes identifying and investigating problems and/or opportunities, recommending appropriate action and helping to implement those solutions. Management consulting is an independent professional advisory service assisting mangers and organizations in achieving organizational purposes and objectives by solving management and business problems, identifying and seizing new opportunities, enhancing learning and implementing changes. The term â€Å"Management Consultancy† applies when a firm is engaged for a definitive duration to undertake specific enquiries, conduct studies, identify options and make recommendations or give advice of a strategic nature relating to the organization, management and operation of [the organization] for consideration/implementation. These definitions or descriptions have a number of threads in common. They are concerned with management issues of a significant, although not necessarily strategic, importance. Secondly, they are concerned with the role of the expert outsider. Finally, they extend the role of management consultants beyond advice and into implementation. Taking these threads into account the Institute believes that the sector-wide definition should be â€Å"Management consultancy is the provision to management of objective advice and assistance relating to the strategy, structure, management and operations of an organization in pursuit of its long-term purposes and objectives. Such assistance may include the identification of options with recommendations; the provision of an additional resource and/or the implementation of solutions.† Some have raised the issue of whether, if the professional activity is defined, the role of the individual management consultant also needs to be placed within a definitional framework. 5. REGULATION – WIDER ISSUES Conversely, it is likely to be the case that others, even if introduced for the best of reasons, may see any system of regulation, as a restraint of trade. The danger is that the introduction of any self-regulatory system may also require an accompanying increase in bureaucracy and industry overheads and that the perceived failure of any such system may provoke a call for statutory intervention. The potential costs of any regulatory regime, however light its touch, are also of concern when Government does not seem to appreciate the costs, whether financial or opportunity, that may arise. Additional administration for practices and activity by professional bodies require resourcing and, in many cases, it is practitioners who have to bear the burden. The reality is that management consultancy, like every other business, is immensely competitive. Any regulatory proposals must take into account the need for the consulting profession to retain flexibility to adapt to a new global and technology-driven world. While global practices dominate the market, internal consultancies within domestic companies are turning to external – and, hence, foreign – markets, for business and small practices in niche markets are also competing on a global stage. The key is responding to the needs of clients rather than a regulatory regime that will always be behind developments in the marketplace. 6. CODE OF ETHICS – INSTITUTE OF MGMT CONSULTANTS, USA All IMC USA members pledge in writing to abide by the Institute’s Code of Ethics. Their adherence to the Code signifies voluntary assumption of self-discipline. The Code specifies: Clients * Members will serve their clients with integrity, competence, and objectivity, using a professional approach at all times, and placing the best interests of the client above all others. * Members will establish realistic expectations of the benefits and results of their services. * Members will treat all client information that is not public knowledge as confidential, will prevent it from access by unauthorized people, and will not take advantage of proprietary or privileged information, either for use by them, their firm or another client, without the client’s permission. * Members will avoid conflicts of interest, or the appearance of such, and will disclose to a client any circumstances or interests that might influence their judgment and objectivity. * Members will refrain from inviting an employee of an current or previous client to consider alternative employment without prior discussion with the client. Engagements * Members will only accept assignments which they possess the expertise to perform, and will only assign staff with the requisite expertise. * Members will ensure that before accepting any engagement a mutual understanding of the objectives, scope, work plan, and fee arrangements has been established. * Members will offer to withdraw from a consulting engagement when their objectivity or integrity may be impaired. Fees * Members will agree in advance with a client on the basis for fees and expenses, and will charge fees and expenses that are reasonable, legitimate and commensurate with the services delivered and the responsibility accepted. * Members will disclose to their clients in advance any fees or commissions that they receive for equipment, supplies or services they could recommend to their clients. Profession * Members will respect the individual and corporate rights of clients and consulting colleagues, and will not use proprietary information or methodologies without permission. * Members will represent the profession with integrity and professionalism in their relations with their clients, colleagues and the general public. * Members will report violations of this Code to the Institute, and will ensure that other consultants working on behalf of the member abide by this Code. The Institute of Management Consultants USA, Inc. (IMC USA) adopted its first Code of Ethics in 1968. Since that time IMC USA has modified the wording of the Code for additional clarity and relevance to clients. The current Code was approved February 22, 2002. It is consistent with the International Code of Professional Conduct published by the International Council of Management Consulting Institute (ICMCI) of which IMC USA is a founding member. Members who apply for the CMC (Certified Management Consultant) designation must pass a written examination on the application of the IMC USA Code of Ethics to client service. The CMC mark is awarded to consultants who have met high standards of education, experience, competence and professionalism. 7. CODE OF ETHICS – THE GROUND REALITY This paper is based on an Ethics Survey conducted by the Institute of Management Consultants among American business consulting clients of IMC members who are Certified Management Consultants (CMCs). Results * Over-promising expected results and/or benefits (Nearly half of the respondents-46%) * Not serving the best interest of the client (32%) * Under-delivering results vs. commitment (31%) A high percentage of respondents–40%–indicated that they believe professional service firms would lie to protect themselves. Thirty-nine percent (39%) also indicated that they think employees would lie to protect themselves. Counterbalancing this, however, was the expression of 54% of the respondents who indicted that in a difficult situation, they believe employees will behave honorably. Half of the respondents also believe that professional service firms do place a high value on the welfare of the client’s organization. It can therefore be concluded that while business executives believe that both employees and professional service firms do have an interest in the success and welfare of the organization/enterprise, they also feel that both groups would be inclined to act to protect their own interest or enhance their own position-an action which could inevitably be to the detriment of the enterprise. Two additional issues in which professional service firms can be faulted by business executives included: * Allowing the project’s scope to expand/creep. (One-fourth of the respondents indicated this was happening frequently.) * Being imprecise or non-specific when setting expectations. (Only 19% indicated that this happens frequently, yet 68% indicated this occasionally happens.)